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How do I keep a large library fast?
Keep the files on the device, keep Hive updated, and leave Duplicate Check off for big imports. Where the library is stored matters most: on the device or downloaded from iCloud is fastest.
Keep files on the device
Hive is quickest when it can read files directly. For a library in iCloud Drive, turn on Keep Downloaded for the library folder, so Hive doesn't have to wait for iCloud each time you open something.
Choose fast storage
From fastest to slowest: on the device or downloaded from iCloud, then an external APFS SSD, then an SMB share, then an exFAT drive. The last two are slow enough that we don't recommend them.
Import in sensible batches
Leave Duplicate Check off for large imports, since comparing every image takes processing power and memory. Keep Hive in front during a big import or the first load of a library, because the system slows apps in the background.
Keep Hive updated
Several updates have been about speed: large libraries open much faster than they used to, grids scroll more smoothly, and search responds sooner. Staying current is the easiest improvement.
Check storage and clear the cache
Hive shows how much storage it's using and lets you clear its cache safely. Clearing the cache doesn't touch your library. Hive rebuilds thumbnails as you browse.
Questions
A new import seems to be missing. Where is it?
Clear the search and any filters, switch to the All view, and check the folder the import went to.
Why is the first load slow?
Hive is building its index and, for iCloud, waiting for files. Keep Hive in front and turn on Keep Downloaded.
Can I rebuild thumbnails?
Yes. Thumbnails can be regenerated from the original files.